Abstract
According to the European Union (EU) regulations, EU members are obligated, among others, to improve the energy efficiency in the outdoor lighting sector. One of the ways to consider this fact is to install LED sources in luminaires. Due to the reasonable lighting requirements for the lighting of squares and parks, the cheapest way to modernize lighting is to replace conventional discharge lamps with LED sources in park luminaires. Using nine typical park luminaires, the influence of replacing classic sodium lamps with LED sources on the effect of light pollution and energy efficiency was analyzed. Using data, such as a photometric solid and a relative spectral distribution, simulation calculations were carried out in DIALux software and our own calculation tool to consider this issue. The studies considered 156 LED sources of different spectral distributions and a wide range of color temperatures from 1000 K to 9753 K as well as different color rendering index (CRI) values. The conducted studies showed that the replacement of sodium lamps with LED sources is not necessarily associated with an increased negative impact on the effect of light pollution. It was also found also that the CRI value has an influence on the degree of light pollution.
Highlights
It is believed that criminal behavior is usually associated with darkness
For individual light sources, the active power (PLSM) consumed by the lamp cooperating with the necessary power supply system, the spectral characteristics on the basis of which correlated color temperature (CCT) and color rendering index (CRI) were calculated, and the photometric body on the basis of which the total luminous flux emitted by the light source was calculated were recorded
The following conclusions are formed on the basis of the measurements and calculations performed: 1. The continuous development of light-emitting diode (LED) technology means that in the near future, LEDs will become the basic light source used in outdoor lighting
Summary
It is believed that criminal behavior is usually associated with darkness. Poor visibility increases the sense of threat [1]. One of the priority actions of European Union (EU) authorities is to reduce the consumption of electricity, including for lighting purposes The effect of this is the process of withdrawing energy-consuming light sources [11] and replacing them with modern, energy-saving light sources built on semiconductor elements. In the case of LED sources, due to the twilight nature of vision, the actual lighting effect assessed by observers will be greater than the calculated effect. This fact is important in the case of outdoor lighting [21,22,23]
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