Abstract
Oxidative stress has negatively influence on semen quality in human and animals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by oxidants and antioxidants imbalance lead to DNA including DNA fragmentation, deletions and mutations as well as base degradation, protein and lipids damage in sperm due to poor antioxidant system and high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In addition, excess ROS can adversely affect plasma membrane fluidity as well as permeation leading to apoptosis. Furthermore, ROS resulted in declined sperm mobility, viability and sperm-oocyte fusion due to a reduction in axonemal protein phosphorylation. In general, oxidative stress can impair the sperm quality affecting reproductive performance.
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