Influence of «ORGANIC MAX» organic fertilizer on soil condition in Zakarpattia

Abstract

With a shortage of traditional organic fertilizers and a constant increase in the cost of mineral fertilizers, it is important to find alternative environmentally friendly sources of nutrients. The effectiveness of the new organic fertilizer «Organic MAX», made on the basis of lignite (brown coal) and chicken droppings in the conditions of Zakarpattia region, which provides positive changes in the agrochemical criteria of the soil, has been proposed and studied. Under the influence of bird droppings, the humic substances of lignite go into a physiologically active state and effectively act as plant growth stimulants and sources of nutrients. According to the results of field studies, there is an increase in the effectiveness of this fertilizer with an increase in the content of animal waste: «Organic MAX–20» (lignite + 20% chicken droppings) and «Organic MAX–30» (lignite + 30% chicken droppings). It was found that the application of this fertilizer at a rate of 1 t/ha provided an increase in the content of organic soil matter (humus) by 0.05% for pure lignite, by 0.19% for Organic MAX–20 and by 0.66% for Organic MAX–30. There was also an increase in the content of nutrients: easily hydrolyzed nitrogen by 14.1–55.9 mg/kg; mobile phosphorus compounds at 64.5–109.3 mg/kg; mobile potassium compounds at 64.9–125.5 mg/kg. The effective effect of the fertilizers applied for the next year was revealed despite the high level of nutrient removal by a crop such as corn. The humic component is a nutrient medium for soil bacteria. The active work of microorganisms is the main link in the process of humus formation. After fertilization, there is an improvement in the water-physical properties of the soil, an increase in microbiological activity, as well as a decrease in the negative impact of adverse factors on the development of plants. On acidic soils, first of all, liming must be carried out before fertilizing. The type of this fertilizer is chosen for a specific crop after conducting agrochemical analyzes of the soil. The most effective application of these fertilizers on low-humus low-fertile soils, as well as non-structural ones, since they contribute to the optimization of soil properties. Its use is economically and environmentally feasible. It is possible to recommend environmentally friendly organic fertilizer «Organic MAX» for use in organic farming, the popularity of which in Ukraine is growing every year, to resume soil fertility.