Influence of oil spills on tundra degradation

Abstract

Some aspects of the negative impact of oil spills on the tundra are considered. Oil pollution of the soil-plant layer leads to a significant increase in the absorption of radiant (solar) energy by the day surface, which leads to an increase in the power of the seasonally thawed layer. Swampy tundra conditions can lead to the development of thermokarst and subsequent degradation of the damaged area. Remediation of oil-contaminated areas in accordance with applicable regulations does not provide for the presence of permafrost. Planning and execution of the whole complex of works on remediation is not based on the simulation of heat and mass transfer processes for the period of complete restoration of the damaged area. The creation of vegetation cover of another species as a result of recultivation does not provide a similar absorption of solar energy by the day surface as in the natural (not polluted) territory, that can subsequently lead to the development of negative processes for the tundra. Taking into account the steady growth of oil-contaminated areas in the Northern regions and the severity of possible consequences, it is necessary to develop special regulatory documents for the remediation of oil-contaminated areas in the conditions of the cryolithozone.