Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen nutrition on the content of fatty acids and selected qualitative parameters (nitrogenous substances, ash, crude fiber) in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The experiment was carried out at the Vígľaš—Pstruša Research and Breeding Station in 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 by complete block design with four repetitions. Nitrogen fertilization was applied at four levels, plus an untreated control (after agrochemical soil analysis) by DAN 27 (Dolomite Ammonium Nitrate): 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg/ha N. Application date was in BBCH scale phase 59–60. The fatty acid contents (MUFA—monosaturated fatty acids; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acids) were determined by gas chromatography in the extracted fat, which is determined by extraction method. Within the result evaluation, statistically significant increases in the contents of linoleic and linolenic acids were recorded in all variants treated by nitrogen fertilizer, which is positive in terms of the use of rapeseed oil for food and energy purposes. The statistically significant decrease of oleic acid after the application of nitrogen fertilizers is negative for industry use of rapeseed oil.
Highlights
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in the Slovak Republic
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogenous nutrition on higher fatty acids amount and selected qualitative parameters in seeds of winter Brassica napus L
Significant increasing was achieved in linoleic, linolenic, behenic acid, and decreasing in oleic acid in 2009–2010 (Table 1A)
Summary
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in the Slovak Republic. Oils such as refined edible oil with quality 00, cold-pressed edible oil, and oil of HOLLi quality with a very low content of α-linolenic acid of 3% are used. Refined and cold-pressed rapeseed oils are valuable due to their high α-linolenic acid content, about 10%, low saturated fatty acid content, about 6%, and an optimal n-6:n-3 ratio of 2:1 [2]. The percentage of major fatty acids in the oil of rapeseed cultivars are on average 59–68%, linoleic acid 17–21%, and linolenic acid 7.8–10% [3]. Oilseed rape is used in fodder (animal nutrition), in oil chemistry (production of special substances such as glycerin, amines, esters, soaps, paints, varnishes), and for energy purposes (biodiesel, MERO) [5,6]
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