Influence of native endomycorrhiza, soil flooding and nurse plant on mycorrhizal status and growth of purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus L.)

Abstract

A study was made to investigate the effects of native endomycorrhizal fungi, soil flooding and nurse plant (onion) on the mycorrhizal status, growth and phosphorus (P) uptake of purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus L.). Above ground (AG) and below ground (BG) dry weight of mycorrhizal purple nutsedge plants were significantly lower than the non-mycorrhizal plants, but ratios of BG:AG dry weight were the same except when grown with onion. Mycorrhizal infection was characterized by vesicles and hyphae, both intraradical and extramatrical, but lacked arbuscules. Percentage root colonization of purple nutsedge and onion was significantly higher when the two grew together, but plants growing alone had less infection. Flooding of soil inhibited mycorrhizal formation in purple nutsedge, and mycorrhizal infected plants produced smaller tubers than uninfected plants. AG tissue P concentration was lower in mycorrhizal purple nutsedge but BG P concentration had no significant variations between infected and uninfected plants. P utilization efficiency (PUE) was similar for mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal purple nutsedge. Plants in flooded soil had the maximum AG and BG dry weights, tuber dry weight and P content, but had lower AG:BG dry weight ratio and PUE.