Abstract
It is recognized that mycotoxins can cause a variety of adverse health effects in animals, including altered gastrointestinal barrier function. It is the aim of the present study to determine whether mycotoxin-contaminated diets can alter the oral bioavailability of the antibiotics doxycycline and paromomycin in pigs, and whether a mycotoxin adsorbing agent included into diets interacts with those antibiotics. Experiments were conducted with pigs utilizing diets that contained blank feed, mycotoxin-contaminated feed (T-2 toxin or deoxynivalenol), mycotoxin-contaminated feed supplemented with a glucomannan mycotoxin binder, or blank feed supplemented with mycotoxin binder. Diets with T-2 toxin and binder or deoxynivalenol and binder induced increased plasma concentrations of doxycycline administered as single bolus in pigs compared to diets containing blank feed. These results suggest that complex interactions may occur between mycotoxins, mycotoxin binders, and antibiotics which could alter antibiotic bioavailability. This could have consequences for animal toxicity, withdrawal time for oral antibiotics, or public health.
Highlights
Toxigenic fungi may often colonize fodder crops and feed components
Since there are no other scientific papers that investigate these possible interactions, the general aim of this study was to examine whether mycotoxins, a commercially available mycotoxin binder, or the combination of both in the feed, affect the oral bioavailability of frequently used antibiotics in pigs
The group which received 100 μg T-2 kg−1 feed and the one that received blank feed supplemented with the mycotoxin binder had plasma concentrations that were not different with the control group
Summary
Toxigenic fungi may often colonize fodder crops and feed components. Under varied environmental conditions they can produce toxic secondary metabolites, called mycotoxins. The economic impact of mycotoxins includes increased mortality, increased veterinary care costs, reduced livestock production, disposal of contaminated foods and feeds and investment in research and applications to reduce the mycotoxin problem [2]. Deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin A (OTA) and patulin (PAT) compromise the intestinal barrier function by altering the tight junction complex [3,4,5,6,7,8]. This reduced expression of tight junction proteins leads to an increased passage of tracers such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and bacteria such as Escherichia coli [9]. In vivo experiments provide compelling evidence that mycotoxins can alter intestinal functions and lead to malabsorption of nutrients like glucose [10,11]
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