Influence of Mono-ammonium and Di-ammonium Phosphate on Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Maize and Bread Wheat Plants

Abstract

Phosphorus fixation in soils is a big problem, for that, it affects negatively on phosphorus use efficiency of the plant. The amount of phosphorus which had fixed depends on orthophosphate ions and some soil properties. The goal of two experiments [In the first maize ( Zea mays L. ) and the second bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) ] to know the different influence of mono-ammonium phosphate [MAP NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ] and di-ammonium phosphate [DAP (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ] fertilizers when were applied in the soil at rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 mg P 2 O 5 kg -1 ) on phosphorus use efficiency under greenhouse condition. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was arranged for both experiments in four replications in first experiment and three in the second. Results cleared that plant dry weight (PDW, g pot -1 ) and plant phosphorus uptake (PPU, mg P pot -1 ) were increased with increasing doses of MAP and DAP fertilizers in both experiments according to control (0 ppm). Furthermore, apparent recovery phosphorus use efficiency (ARPUE, %) increased in DAP at maize and decreased in MAP at wheat trial when increasing phosphorus doses. All parameters had highly significantly affected by phosphorus. Also, fertilizers were a highly significant effect on PDW, PPU and agronomic phosphorus use efficiency (APUE) in maize and PPU in the wheat trial. Otherwise, interaction (F×P) had a highly significantly affected on PPU, physiological phosphorus use efficiency (PPUE) and ARPUE in wheat and APUE in maize. Additionally, PDW had a significant effect on interaction. When the MAP and DAP were increasing, that means increased PDW and PPU but MAP is better than DAP. Additionally, the results of the MAP in phosphorus use efficiency are better than DAP too.