Abstract
Using the local thermodynamics of continuous media,the distribution of the potential in a system consisting of two plane layers between conducting plates, for a set of electrolytes, is derived. The difference between the electrical potential of the median plane and that of the plates is greater (in absolute value) than the difference predicted by the Gouy—Chapman distribution. The data permit the evaluation of the electrostatic repulsion between the two layers, with a formula obtained previously. The calculations stress the influence of the ion molar volume and also of the polarization. For a given surface potential and interplate distance, the effects lead to a repulsion force weaker than that obtained by the classical Derjaguin—Verwey—Overbeek expression. On the other hand the discrepancies due to activity coefficients lead to a repulsion that can be weaker or stronger than that obtained from the Derjaguin—Verwey—Overbeek expression.
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