Influence of minimization of tillage methods and direct seeding on soil biogenicity and development of nitrogen bacterium in soil and climatic conditions of the south-east of the Central chernozem region

Abstract

In long-term studies of soil biogenicity and the development of nitrogen bacteria, conducted in order to study changes in soil processes while minimizing tillage and direct sowing, it was shown that in the soil and climatic conditions of the south-east of the Central chernozem region in the grain crop rotation, there was a decrease in soil biogenicity and an increase in its dependence on weather conditions. The most favorable conditions for the development of azotobacter were formed when plowing to a depth of 20–22 cm, with an average annual number of 445 CFT/50 g of soil in a layer of 0–20 cm. Minimization of tillage led to deterioration of the soil environment conditions for the development of azotobacter, which increased with the duration of its use. Glyphosate-containing herbicides with zero tillage and prolonged use had a depressing effect on the development of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus nitrogen bacteria. The use of mineral fertilizers N60P60K60 with zero tillage reduced the negative effect of glyphosate-containing preparations on microflora and nitrogen bacteria in ordinary chernozem.