INFLUENCE OF MINERAL NUTRITION AND SEEDING RATES MODES ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER TRITICALE CULTIVATED WITHIN KALMYK-ASTRAKHAN RICE IRRIGATION

Abstract

Increasing the production of food grain is currently one of the most important tasks of agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. One of its promising directions is justification and development of regional organizational and technological systems for sustainable crops and high-quality grain on the background of varying weather conditions. It is an urgent problem of agricultural production in the Caspian region. Agro-climatic conditions of the Lower Volga region are quite favorable for the development of grain direction. According to FSBNI "Caspian agricultural Federal scientific center of Russian Academy of Sciences" and the results of advanced peasant farms’ activities, the development of intensive technologies of crops cultivation allows to obtain high yields of winter triticale - up to 4-5 t/ha. To reach such productivity it is necessary to make up to 400 kg of mineral fertilizers per hectare of crop rotation area. The purpose of the research was to develop elements of agricultural cultivation technology of winter triticale Valentin variety under climatic conditions of the North-Western Caspian sea, to obtain stable and high yields under irrigation (Bay checks). For the first time the author reveals the peculiarities of winter triticale crop formation depending on different seeding rates, mineral fertilizers levels at irrigation hole of4200 m3/ha in the conditions of former fields of rice irrigation system (Deposit). A comparative analysis with the selection of the most promising treatment options was carried out. The elements of resource-saving technology of winter crops cultivation were justified under irrigation conditions, providing highly productive marketable products with high rates of photosynthetic potential.