Influence of metastable Al9Ni2 phase on the sequence of phase transformations initiated by heating of Al/Ni multilayer foils produced by EBPVD method

Abstract

Al/Ni multilayer foils (MF) undergo a cascade of phase transformations at heating, initiated by diffusion interaction of Al and Ni layers. It is found that phase transformations sequence at initial stages depends on the method of producing MF: at sputtering or ion-beam deposition of elements, metastable Al9Ni2 phase forms at phase transformations initial stages, and in the case of MF produced by electron-beam physical vapour deposition (EBPVD) method or cold rolling of laminates, this is Al3Ni phase. Such a difference in phase transformations sequence is associated with the influence of the method of MF production on the possibility of intermixed zone (IZ) formation on layer interfaces. In the study it was suggested that such anomalously high diffusion mobility of atoms can be achieved in the presence of excess vacancies in MF structure. With this purpose, MF structure was produced by high-rate (up to 30 nm/s) layer-by-layer deposition of elements by EBPVD method. Phase transformations and MF were studied by the method of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential-thermal analysis (DTA). It is shown that irrespective of MF composition and modulation period, at their heating phase transformations start with formation of metastable Al9Ni2 phase. At further MF heating, a stable Al3Ni phase forms alongside Al9Ni2 phase. Later on, Al9Ni2 and Al3Ni phases turn into stable intermetallics characteristic of MF chemical composition.