Influence of Menstrual Cycle on Pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin

Abstract

The aim of our research work is to study the influence of menstrual cycle on the pharmacokinetic parameters of the Ciprofloxacin in patients with infections . Plasma samples were collected from 12 female patients on long term oral Ciprofloxacin monotherapy (not less than two years) with prescribed dosage regimen dose at the time points of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 &12 hours after dosing and analysed for drug content by HPLC method. Mean Cmax of Ciprofloxacin was decreased by 20% in the ovulatory phase compared to that of follicular phase. The AUC0-∞ of Ciprofloxacin i.e, bioavailability was decreased in luteal phase by 20% than follicular phase. Volume of distribution of Ciprofloxacin was significantly lower in follicular and luteal phases compared to ovulatory phase. Ciprofloxacin half-life was decreased and clearance was increased in luteal phase compared to follicular phase. Except Vd/f and Vss/f, menstrual cycle phases did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic profile of Ciprofloxacin in terms of Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-∞, AUMC0-∞, t1/2, MRT, clearance and absorption rate constant. From the above observations it can be concluded that, menstrual hormonal changes influenced Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics to a lesser extent and Vd/f and Vss/f were significantly altered. Mean plasma concentrations of Ciprofloxacin were higher in follicular phase than in ovulatory and luteal phases.