Abstract
Materials applied in electronics such as multilayer capacitors are an important field of ceramic materials. Magnesium titanate based dielectric materials are used for producing type-I capacitors. A common way of obtaining this material is a solid-state reaction during reaction sintering. The process of sintering can be enhanced if mechanical activation precedes. In this work starting powders of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with a rutile crystal modification were weighed to attain a 1:1 molar MgCO3:TiO2 ratio. Mechanical activation of the starting mixture was performed by high energy ball milling using ZrO balls and vessels with a ball to powder mass ratio of 40:1. The observed grinding times were 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Powder characterization was conducted using X ray powder diffraction, DTA analysis up to 1000 o C and particle morphology changes were observed with Scanning Electron Microscopy. Isothermal sintering of compacted powders was conducted at 1100?C during 30, 60 and 180 minutes. For specimens synthesized in such a manner, microwave dielectric properties were measured, quality factor Q, specific electrical resistivity (?) and the dielectric constant (?r). In this work we explain the influence of mechanical activation on the MgCO3-TiO2 system leading to titanate formation during sintering, as well as induced changes in microwave dielectric properties.
Highlights
Ceramic materials have been in use in many different areas of human wellbeing for a very long time
Materials applied in electronics such as multilayer capacitors are an important field of ceramic materials
Materials applied in electronics are important fields of ceramic materials
Summary
Ceramic materials have been in use in many different areas of human wellbeing for a very long time. In this work we explain the influence of mechanical activation on the MgCO3-TiO2 system leading to titanate formation during sintering, as well as induced changes in microwave dielectric properties. Mechanical activation of the starting mixture was performed by grinding in a high energy mill in a planetary ball mill device (Fritsch Pulverisette 5) with ZrO balls and vessels where the ball to powder mass ratio was 40:1.
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