Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles of tunable diameter were obtained by the precipitation method at room temperature and by microwave hydrothermal synthesis (MHS). The following parameters of the obtained nanostructured HAp were determined: pycnometric density, specific surface area, phase purity, lattice parameters, particle size, particle size distribution, water content, and structure. HAp nanoparticle morphology and structure were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed crystalline HAp was synthesized, which was pure in terms of phase. It was shown that by changing the synthesis parameters, the diameter of HAp nanoparticles could be controlled. The average diameter of the HAp nanoparticles was determined by Scherrer’s equation via the Nanopowder XRD Processor Demo web application, which interprets the results of specific surface area and TEM measurements using the dark-field technique. The obtained nanoparticles with average particle diameter ranging from 8–39 nm were characterized by having homogeneous morphology with a needle shape and a narrow particle size distribution. Strong similarities were found when comparing the properties of some types of nanostructured hydroxyapatite with natural occurring apatite found in animal bones and teeth.
Highlights
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a naturally occurring mineral, which is an inorganic component of bones, with approximately 8 wt % water, 22 wt % protein and 70 wt % mineral
The HAp particles obtained and described in this paper display peaks with hexagonal crystalline structure and P63/m space group, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results
The peak broadening for HAp Type 1 and natural HAp of animal bones and human bone displays the same crystalline morphology, which means that synthetic HAp Type 1 is characterized by the identical morphology to human HAp [43], and identical to HAp occurring in animal bones (Figure 3)
Summary
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a naturally occurring mineral (a form of calcium apatite), which is an inorganic component of bones, with approximately 8 wt % water, 22 wt % protein and 70 wt % mineral. HAp is a form of calcium phosphate with the chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH) and a hexagonal crystalline structure. The wide range of potential applications of nanostructured HAp have drawn much attention among researchers, industry and investors. Various studies demonstrate that owing to its high surface energy, nanoscale HAp can enhance its mechanical features, enabling a quicker implant surface turnover [6]. Hydroxyapatite materials are used as substitute bones, antiwrinkle creams, and sun creams. They are used in the production of toothpaste formulations and to speed up wound healing. Hydroxyapatite has received great interest in the regeneration of animal bone loss
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
