INFLUENCE OF HISTORICAL SCHOOL OF LAW’S IDEAS TO CODIFY LAWS OF RUSSIAN EMPIRE

Abstract

This article analyzes the influence of the concepts and ideas of the European historical school of law in the process of preparing and ideological justification of the program of codification of the laws of the Russian Empire in the second quarter of the XIX century. The main provisions of the historical school of law, which were of fundamental importance to justify the need for a grand historical task ‒ to bring Russian legislation into a single code of laws. It noted the obvious parallels in ideological content and ideological positions of the largest school leaders, and above all, F.-K. Savigny and the head of the second branch of His Imperial Majesty's Chancellery Mikhail Speransky ‒ inspirer and organizer in the preparation of the Laws of the Russian Empire. The ideas of the historical school of law, based on the gradual formation of the legislation in the process of national self-consciousness of the people, the specific conditions and the obligatory presence of law-making features of the peoples of the world, found understanding and became the basis of a huge creative work on the codification of the laws of the Russian Empire. The author focuses on the figure of the outstanding Russian lawyer and public figure of the first half of the XIX century – M.M. Speransky. Unfortunately, the fate of the reformers in the Russian Empire during the XVIII - XIX centuries. It was not enviable. In its fully shared and M.M. Speransky. But his efforts were not lost. The monument he built himself in life, prepare a set of laws of the Russian Empire - one of the best codes of the laws of the world.