Influence of growth regulators on crop structure of winter wheat

Abstract

Relevance. The authors present the results of research on the study of the influence of new-generation growth regulators. One of the most important elements of modern agricultural technologies is the use of biological products and growth regulators of agricultural plants that can positively affect the metabolic processes in plants. The practical value of these drugs is determined, first of all, by their effect on the processes of plant development at different stages of ontogenesis and the ability to accelerate growth or increase productivity. The use of growth regulators is considered an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to increase crop productivity, contributing to the fuller realization of the potential of winter wheat. The aim of our research was to improve the technology of winter wheat cultivation using Sapress growth regulators. Methods. The experiments were laid on the experimental field of the SKNIIGPSH VNC RAN in 2018–2021. The soil of the experimental site is represented by leached chernozem with a close occurrence of pebbles, pH 5.7, humus content — 4.7%. The continental climate in this zone is 53. The average annual air temperature is + 8.4 ° C, the average long-term sum of positive temperatures for the year is 3426 ° C. Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the growing conditions and varietal characteristics of winter wheat affect the value of all elements of the crop structure. The condition of winter wheat crops visually varied slightly in terms of growth and development, color intensity, by varieties and on all variants. The density of seedlings in the variants did not differ significantly. After the use of the growth regulator Sapress at a dose of 0.2 l/ha and 0.3 l/ha on different varieties of winter wheat during the growing season the plants differed in height, length of the ear, the number of grains in one ear. Of the tested varieties, the most productive were the varieties Trio and Alekseich. It should be noted that the difference in the yield increases after non-root top dressing by the growth regulator between the varieties was insignificant, despite the fact that the growing season was 15–20 days longer.