Abstract
The use of finite element analysis has become widespread in geotechnical practice as means of optimizing engineering tasks; it can be easily applied to the treated areas by stone columns, which are a method of improving the soil having low geotechnical properties and likely to deform significantly under load action, by incorporating granular material (commonly called ballast) compacted by remounting passes, so they act mainly as inclusions with a higher stiffness, shear strength than the natural soil. Moreover the stone columns are highly permeable and act as vertical drains facilitating consolidation of the soft soil improving the performance of the foundation. However the characteristics of this granular material influence the behavior of soft soils treated by the stone columns technique, especially: the friction angle, the cohesion, the modular ratio and the constitutive model. The choice of the constitutive model depends on many factors but, in general, it is related to the type of analysis that we intend to perform. Numerical modeling must consider the diversity of the materials nature, the complex geometry of structures-land and the behavior of materials generally nonlinear (permanent deformation). It is a simple and effective alternative to approach the real behavior of soils reinforced by stone columns and the influence of materials characteristics, it allows settlement analysis, lateral deformation, vertical and horizontal stresses in order to understand the behavior of columns and soil. It also has the advantage of integrating the settlements of the underlying layers. This paper aims to study the mechanisms of functioning and interactions of stone columns with the surrounding ground, and vis-à-vis the various parameters characterizing the granular material "ballast" and the surrounding soil, which influence the behavior of the improved soil, The paper presents, in the first part, soil conditions and the parameters associated with columns, is then presented 3D finite element analyses, so the parametric study was carried out varying several properties especially granular material properties.
Highlights
La technique des Colonnes Ballastées consiste à incorporer dans le terrain des matériaux granulaires compactés de manière à constituer des inclusions souples, présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées et un fort caractère drainant
This paper aims to study the mechanisms of functioning and interactions of stone columns with the surrounding ground, and vis-à-vis the various parameters characterizing the granular material "ballast" and the surrounding soil, which influence the behavior of the improved soil, The paper presents, in the first part, soil conditions and the parameters associated with columns, is then presented 3D finite element analyses, so the parametric study was carried out varying several properties especially granular material properties
Alors que le nombre de colonnes n’influence pas beaucoup sur les résultats
Summary
La technique des Colonnes Ballastées consiste à incorporer dans le terrain des matériaux granulaires compactés de manière à constituer des inclusions souples, présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées et un fort caractère drainant. Le procédé est adapté pour traiter les sols présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques faibles à très faibles. Le projet objet d’étude consiste à renforcer ce sol par la méthode des colonnes ballastées. Wehr (1999) et Muir Wood et al (2000) ont étudié la performance des groupes de colonnes ballastées à l'aide de l'analyse par éléments finis. La modélisation numérique tridimensionnelle d’une colonne isolée et d’un groupe de colonnes en prenant en compte l’influence de leur mise en place. Outre l’étude de l’expansion latérale lors de la mise en place, on a analysé l’influence dans la modélisation numérique des facteurs tels que l’espacement, le nombre des colonnes ainsi que les propriétés des colonnes (la loi du comportement et l’angle de frottement)
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