Abstract
The influence of hot-band grain size and additions of aluminum and manganese on the magnetic properties of non-oriented grain (NOG) low-carbon electrical steel with about 3 wt. (%) Si were investigated using optical microscopy and X ray diffraction. The addition of manganese resulted in larger grains after final annealing. Coarse grains in the hot-band and addition of Mn led to a Goss orientation component after final annealing, which resulted in an increase in the magnetic permeability.
Highlights
Electrical steels play an important role in the generation, transmission, distribution and use of electrical power and are one of the most important magnetic materials
The purpose of this work was to study the combined effect of grain size and additions of Al and Mn on the magnetic properties of fully processed non-oriented grain low-carbon electrical steel with about 3 wt. (%) Si
The microstructure of the samples with high manganese content and hot rolled with a reduction of thickness of 90% presented a hardening structure with deformation bands (Figure 2). This characteristic is attributed to a higher Mn content (0.54 wt. (%)), which, according to Cunha4, provides the stabilization of manganese sulfate (MnS) that, during reheating, probably precipitates in the fine form and dispersed particles
Summary
Electrical steels play an important role in the generation, transmission, distribution and use of electrical power and are one of the most important magnetic materials. These steels are used mainly in electrical engines and transformers, whose efficiency is critically dependent on magnetic permeability and the losses due to eddy currents. There is an optimal grain size, between 100 and 150 μm. There is an optimal grain size, between 100 and 150 μm1 Another important parameter in these materials is the crystallographic texture, due to a high anisotropy of the magnetic properties caused by the easy magnetization in the direction
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