Abstract

Grain boundary carbide precipitation controls low-temperature impact properties. Carbide coverages of about 50% or more along grain boundaries promote intergranular embrittlement at {minus} 196{degrees}C. Phosphorus segregation (up to 10% of a monolayer) did not induce intergranular fracture without carbides or significantly increase embrittlement when carbides were present. Carbide/matrix interfaces appear to be inherently weak and susceptible to embrittlement at {minus} 196{degrees}C without impurity segregation.

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