Abstract
Polycrystalline samples of (1 − x) Na 0.5K 0.5NbO 3–(x) GdFeO 3 (designated as NKN–GF) (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.6 and 0.10), were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction technique. Preliminary structural studies at room temperature suggest that compounds are formed in a single perovskite phase. Compositions with x = 0.02–0.04 possess orthorhombic structure while for x = 0.06–0.10 show tetragonal structure. The diffraction peaks shift slightly to a higher angle with increasing concentration of x. The ferroelectric phase-transition of these materials, shows a shift in the transition temperature towards the higher-temperature side with increased GF concentration. The magnetization increases with the increase in GF content which is clearly perceptible in the evolution of hysteresis loops indicating that GdFeO 3 doped NKN has introduced ferromagnetic contribution. This may be attributed to variation in the oxygen stoichiometry, doping at different crystallite sites and change in the magnetic anisotropy.
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