Influence of Gadolinium Doped in Nickel Nano Ferrite on Magnetic and optical Properties Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique

Abstract

Abstract Gadolinium (Gd2+) doped in Nickel (Ni2+) nano ferrite as NiGdxFe2-x O4 (were x=0.025,0.050,0.075,0.1,0.125,0.15) were synthesized by a simple and cost effective method involving sol-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized samples were sintered at 600°C temperature. The Gadolinium, Nikel ,and ferric nitrates are used analytical Grade as a raw materials Citric acid is used as fuel 1:3 and ethylene glycol added for uniform formation of particle size. The powders resulting from this synthesis were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The grain size was found to be in the range of nanometer and structural properties it was found spinel crystalline nature. It The Magnetic properties are studied using hysteresis loop tracer field of 10 kOe. The magnetization of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated and the saturation magnetization (Ms), remanence (Mr), and coercivity (Hc) were derived from the hysteresis loops. The results revealed that as the (Co2+) Gadolinium substitution in (Ni) nickel nano ferrite increases the magnetic properties remanence (Mr), and coercivity (Hc)goes on decreasing, the saturation magnetization (Ms), first it is increases upto x = 0.075 and then decreases for higher Gd2+ substitution such changes in magnetic properties may be due to the exchange interaction between the tetrahedral and the octahedral sites. From the magnetic properties it is clear that the synthesized materials shifted from hard to soft ferrite. From UV–Vis absorbance spectra band gap energy were calculated and it is in the range of semiconductor materials.