Abstract
The persistence of two permethrin formulations, i.e. ultra-low-volume (ULV) and emulsifiable concentrate (EC), sprayed at two droplet sizes on brussels sprouts leaves was evaluated biologically using the larvae of Plutella xylostella. The bioassay was carried out on the treated leaves collected at various time intervals after treatment. The loss of biological efficacy of permethrin deposits was greater with the EC formulation than the ULV formulation. The persistence of permethrin deposits was also influenced by the interaction between formulation and spray droplet size. On the basis of mortality, the persistence of the permethrin ULV formulation sprayed at 80 μm was significantly better than that of spray deposits of the ULV formulation sprayed at 157 μm, the EC formulation at 154 μm and the EC formulation at 83 μm.
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