Abstract
The Jucazinho reservoir was built in the State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, to water supply in a great part of the population that live in the semi-arid of Pernambuco. This reservoir controls the high part of Capibaribe river basin, area affected several actions that can compromise the reservoir water quality such as disposal of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agriculture with use of fertilizers. This study aimed to identify the factors that lead to water quality of the Jucazinho reservoir using a database containing information of nine years of reservoir water quality monitoring in line with a multivariate statistical technique known as Principal Component Analysis (PCA). To use this technique, it was selected two components which determine the quality of the reservoir water. The first principal component, ranging from an annual basis, explained the relationship between the development of cyanobacteria, the concentration of dissolved solids and electrical conductivity, comparing it with the variation in the dam volume, total phosphorus levels and turbidity. The second principal component, ranging from a mensal basis, explained the photosynthetic activity performed by cyanobacteria confronting with the variation in the dam volume. It observed the relationship between water quality parameters with rainfall, featuring an annual and seasonal pattern that can be used as reference to behaviour studies of this reservoir.
Highlights
The Jucazinho reservoir, located in the Capibaribe River Basin in the state of Pernambuco, presents deteriorated water quality as a result of nutrient insertion due to the use and occupation of the contributing hydrographic basin
In the semi-arid region of Brazil, reservoir levels and their variations impact the quality of the stored water, that is, in a period of little rainfall, there is a reduction in the level of the reservoir, and there are consequent changes in water quality [3]
The Jucazinho reservoir located in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil suffers from recurrent water level reductions, which are aggravated for years when drought is severe
Summary
The Jucazinho reservoir, located in the Capibaribe River Basin in the state of Pernambuco, presents deteriorated water quality as a result of nutrient insertion due to the use and occupation of the contributing hydrographic basin. This reservoir is responsible for the water supply of approximately. The reservoirs of the Brazilian semi-arid region present seasonal variations, in which, generally, there is a greater concentration of nutrients impacting the trophic state, during the periods of drought [2,3,4,5]. In the semi-arid region of Brazil, reservoir levels and their variations impact the quality of the stored water, that is, in a period of little rainfall, there is a reduction in the level of the reservoir, and there are consequent changes in water quality [3]
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