Abstract
Typhoons are a severe form of natural disaster that can impose huge economic losses and casualties on society. High school students are more vulnerable compared with adults during typhoons. Improving risk perceptions of typhoons can help high school students to effectively respond to typhoons and reduce related losses. Environmental values play an important role in human perceptions and actions. Although typhoons are caused by environmental factors, few studies have investigated the influence of environmental factors on typhoon risk perceptions of high school students. This study investigates the typhoon risk perceptions of high school students in Ningbo, China, and further analyzes the influence of environmental values on these perceptions with the structural equations model. The results reveal that environmental values have significantly positive impacts on typhoon risk perceptions. The findings also demonstrate that disaster threats and the disaster management ability of the government have significant positive impacts on typhoon risk perceptions. This study proposes suggestions and measures to improve typhoon risk perceptions among high school students and provides a reference for typhoon prevention and reduction education in China.
Highlights
Typhoons are formed on tropical and subtropical ocean surfaces
This paper investigated the influence of environmental values on risk perception of typhoons among high school students
After a pilot study to finalize the questionnaire, the formal survey was conducted among high school students in Ningbo who were selected via stratified sampling
Summary
Typhoons (hurricanes) are formed on tropical and subtropical ocean surfaces. Typhoons account for 41% of all deaths caused by the 10 most major natural disasters in the world [1]. China is seriously threatened by typhoons and relevant secondary disasters due to its long coastline, adjacent oceans, and climate conditions. The Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) reveals that from 2000 to 2020, an average of 10 typhoon-related tropical cyclones were registered in China per year, which resulted in an average of 255 deaths, an average of 19,146,179 people impacted per cyclone, and average annual economic losses of USD 44,304.55 million [2]. China’s southeast coastal cities (e.g., Ningbo) are located near the Pacific Ocean, with developed economies and dense populations, which are more likely to face serious losses due to typhoons [3].
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