Abstract
Abstract Conditions were developed whereby onion tissue cultures could produce alk(en)yl‐L‐cysteine sulfoxides (ACSOs) at levels exceeding those in mature onion bulbs. Callus cultures grown in Gamborg's B5 basal medium with minimal organics supplemented with 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (at 2.5 μM) and 6‐benzyl‐aminopurine (at 1 μM) exhibited greening and partially differentiated roots within 6 months culture, and could be maintained for over 1 year. Within 10–12 months, callus cultures produced up to twice as much 1‐propenyl‐L‐cysteine sulfoxide (1‐PeCSO) and up to 6 times as much methyl‐L‐cysteine sulfoxide (MCSO) as found in mature onion bulbs. These callus cultures also had greater levels of glutamic acid, glycine and valine than mature onion bulbs. The supplementation of growth media with the elicitors, salicylic acid (SA), onion cell wall fragments (CWF) and acid‐cleaved chitosans (ACC) had differential effects of ACSO yields in 10–12 month old callus cultures. CWF suppressed tissue levels of both...
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