Abstract
We carried out an analysis of the occurrence of fires and explosions on objects of storage of explosive products and established that one of the greatest risks is a fire hazard. Since the storage of such products involves the use of wood, both in building structures and packaging products, it is important to establish effectiveness of fire protection at high temperatures and influence of components that are part of the composition, and their role in ensuring fire resistance and fire protection mechanisms. This makes it possible to develop effective methods and means for extinguishing fires in such classes and take into account their peculiarities. We proposed a composition to counteract a high temperature. The basis of its mixture consisted of fire retardants (ammonium polyphosphate), gas formers (melamine), carbohydrates (pentaerythritol), and high-temperature fillers based on mineral substances. Studies showed that charring depth under the action of magnesium flame for untreated wood samples was larger than 16÷20 mm. Instead, after the fire protection treatment of wood with dry mixtures coating, the charcoal depth did not exceed 5÷6 mm. This allows us to conclude that the fire protection of wooden structures and the use of dry mixtures for the localization of magnesium flame is appropriate. Extinguishing of the magnesium flame with samples of dry mixtures coating with the addition of aluminosilicate microspheres, perlite, basalt scales, metallurgical sludge and ashes in the amount of 10 % showed the intensity of the supply of powder in the extinguishing of magnesium flame in the range of 0.034÷0.041 g/(cm 2 ·s), which is significantly lower than the sodium chloride supply rate. The results of determination of the efficiency of extinguishing magnesium flame with dry mixtures coating indicate the ambiguous effect of fillers on the change in supply rate during flame extinguishing. The greatest effect is demonstrated by the mixture with the addition of basaltic scales, its supply rate is the lowest when extinguishing the magnesium flame and is 0.034 g/(cm 2 ·s)
Highlights
One of the most significant risk factors at the objects of storage of explosive products is a fire hazard
Ensuring survivability depends on the choice of fire protection systems for such objects under normal conditions, and in the case of an emergency
The study was carried out with a use of a system of dry mixtures, which consists of ammonium polyphosphate (APPh), melamine, pentaerythritol (PE) and mineral fillers – aluminosilicate microspheres, perlite, basalt scales, metallurgical sludge and ashes
Summary
One of the most significant risk factors at the objects of storage of explosive products is a fire hazard. A problem of the use of combustible materials (wood, plywood, paper) in building structures and packaging products has become more relevant and revealed a low level of operation safety. The main material for the construction of facilities on military objects is wood. It relates to the group of combustible materials of medium flammability. A coating provides wood with the ability to withstand an action of flame and a spread of flame through a surface. It prevents a free access of oxygen, and this contributes to acceleration of a burning process and its subsequent fading
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