Abstract
Ba(Ti 1− x Fe x )O 3 ceramics ( x=7, 30 and 70 at%) were prepared by solid-state reaction. All samples are single-phase with 6H-BaTiO 3-type hexagonal perovskite structure. Mössbauer spectra show all Fe atoms to be present as Fe 3+ in BaTiO 3 lattice, occupying M1 octahedral and pentahedral sites. Room-temperature ferromagnetism is exhibited and saturation magnetization gradually decreases with increasing Fe content. The observed ferromagnetism is considered to be an intrinsic property of Ba(Ti 1− x Fe x )O 3, originating from super-exchange interactions between Fe 3+ in different occupational sites associated with oxygen vacancies. The variation in magnetization with Fe content is related to the ratio of pentahedral to octahedral sites and oxygen vacancies.
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