Influence of different doses of fertilizers on significant traits of soybean cultivar "Lira"

Abstract

This article presents the results of a study conducted in 2021 in the experimental field of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center in the Moscow Region. The effect of fertilizer application on various significant traits of the early soybean cultivar Lira was studied. For our study, we used a complex water-soluble fertilizer Universal brand 18:18:18+ 3 MgO + ME (LC “Voskresensk Mineral Fertilizers”), containing an equal amount (18%) of water-soluble forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, an easily accessible form of magnesium and the six most important trace elements (boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc). The effect of fertilizer was studied according to the following scheme: Control (K, 0 g/m2 of fertilizer), Variant 1. - 0.5 g/m2 of fertilizer (B1), Variant 2. - 1 g/m2 of fertilizer (B2) and Variant 3. - 1.5 g/m2 of fertilizer (B3). It was found that the application of fertilizer had a significant effect (Ff < F05) on the traits we studied (plant height, lower pod attachment height, weight of 1000 seeds, number of pods and seeds per 1 soybean plant). Regarding plant height and lower pod attachment height, a negative effect of fertilizer application was revealed, as we observed a decrease in plant height by 4.7%, 16.2% and 18.3% for variants 1, 2 and 3, respectively; and a decrease of lower pod attachment height of 21.9%, 18.4%, and 17.0% for these variants. The application of fertilizers contributed to an increase in the number of pods by 5–26 pcs/plant, the number of seeds per plant by 7–51 pcs/plant. compared to control. The application of fertilizers also increased the weight of 1000 seeds by 10.15–32.12 g. Among the studied variants, the second variant - B1 (0.5 g/m2) had the most effect on the studied traits.