Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and genistein on performance and meat fatty acid profiles in quail exposed to heat stress. A total of 360 Japanese quail were divided into 12 groups in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design; each group comprised 30 quail with five replicates and were kept either at 22 ± 2°C for 24h/day (Thermoneutral, TN) or 34 ± 2°C for 8h/day (08:00 to 17:00h) followed by 22°C for 16h (heat stress, HS) conditions. The diet contained either two levels of PUFA at 15 or 45% of total fat or three levels of genistein at 0, 400, or 800mg/kg. Bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were lower (p ≥ 0.01) for quail reared under heat stress and fed low PUFA. Increasing dietary genistein in a linear manner improved the productive performance (p < 0.001). Heat stress caused increases in serum and thigh meat malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreases in genistein and vitamin E and A concentrations in serum and thigh meat (p < 0.001). High PUFA (PUFA45) in the diet of quail caused greater 18:2, 18:3 ALA, EPA, DHA, n-6, and n-3 PUFA as well as total PUFA and total USFA percentages (p < 0.001) in the thigh muscle, some of which decreased with heat stress (p ≥ 0.006) with no regard to genistein supplementation. This study revealed that genistein with greater doses along with greater PUFA inclusion to the diet of quail reared under heat stress is recommended for alleviating adverse effects of heat stress and for yielding healthier meat for human consumption.
Highlights
Heat stress (HS) is one of the major concerns in poultry rearing
This study revealed that genistein with greater doses along with greater polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) inclusion to the diet of quail reared under heat stress is recommended for alleviating adverse effects of heat stress and for yielding healthier meat for human consumption
Adding greater amount of PUFA (PUFA45) to the diet of quail resulted in lower productive performance measured as final BW, BW gain, cumulative feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p ≥ 0.01), whereas higher amounts of genistein caused greater final BW, weight gains, and FCR (p < 0.001)
Summary
Heat stress (HS) is one of the major concerns in poultry rearing. High surrounding temperature negatively influences the live performance, product quality, health status, survival, and general welfare of the poultry (Alfthan et al 2015; Attia et al 2016; Goel, 2021; Nawab et al 2018). Management strategies including ventilation, more appropriate floor space (Ratriyanto and Prastowo, 2019) as well as the usage of specific nutrients in the diet such as probiotics, prebiotics (Li et al 2020; Sohail et al 2011), vitamins and minerals (Sahin and Kucuk, 2003; Sahin et al 2009; El-Kholy et al 2017; Orhan et al 2019) in helping alleviate the adverse effects of heat stress has been widely appreciated
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