Influence of cutting flutes on stress distribution for selected dental implants: Numerical studies

Abstract

From the view of initial insertion of dental implant during implantation, the design of implants includes cylindrical, conical profile of implant body with number of cutting flutes at the tip of the implant. The current study aim was to investigate the effect of number of cutting flutes at the tip of the commercial dental implant system on stress distribution in cancellous bone. A three-dimensional CAD model is prepared and analyses using numerical simulation software. The significance of number of cutting flutes was studied under the applied load of 100 N axial (coronal-apical) direction, 40 N lateral (Bucco-lingual) direction and 100 N oblique at 45 degree to the longitudinal axis of the selected four types of implant system. A contact between implant and human jawbone is defined to model slide and stick conduct with coefficient of friction as 0.2 and the von Mises stress at the implant-bone interface in a cancellous bone is evaluated using ABAQUS numerical simulation code. The present study compared the effect of stress concentration at the location of implant cutting flutes and bone interface. The magnitude of von Mises stress (equivalent stress) for selected commercial dental implant system and the stress distribution pattern in a cancellous bone is analyzed. The implant system with number of cutting flutes is an acute parameter to effectively transfer the masticatory force and avoid the high stress concentration in cancellous bone at the interface.