Abstract
The creep rupture behaviours of type 304L stainless steel and 304 stainless steel were investigated in argon at 823 K. The creep ductility of the 304L and solution annealed 304 steels decreases with increasing creep rupture time, while the ductility of sensitised 304 steel increases slightly with rupture time. The extent of necking of solution annealed 304 steel depends on creep rupture time and necking always occurs in sensitised 304 steel. Solution annealed 304 maintains a nearly equiaxed grain structure on a longitudinal section of specimens fractured after long creep rupture times, while sensitised 304 has elongated grains that are clear evidence of high plasticity within the grains. Intergranular fracture surfaces of solution annealed 304 steel are primarily observed with increasing creep rupture time, and creep rupture of sensitised 304 is characterised by transgranular fracture surfaces with carbide walls at grain boundaries. It is suggested that continuous plate shaped carbides at grain boundaries completely inhibit grain boundary sliding, thus causing large total creep strain and high creep ductility in sensitised 304 steel.
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