Abstract
For the wide implementation of Levisticum officinalе C. Koch in Transcarpathia into production it is necessary to widen its sort composition, as it is rather poor in Ukraine. Solving this problem is possible by enriching the source material with the samples of different ecological and/or geographical origin, by studying the influence of abiotic factors on the formation of green mass and seed productivity, separating the specimens best adapted to the conditions of growing, involving them into the selection process and creating new, highly productive sorts on this basis. The scientists of the Transcarpathian State Agricultural Experimental Station (TSAES) conducted researches (during 2011-2016) on the adaptive potential of the source material of the type of Levisticum officinalе C. Koch, which counts seven samples (Ukraine – 5 samples, Poland – 1, and Romania – 1), the selection work on creating new varieties for the given region is being done. The investigations were made on soddy podzolic gleyed low-humus soils with low content of nutrients. The results were obtained on the basis of generally accepted methods of investigation, i.e.: laboratory, field, visual, measuring-weighing, biochemical, mathematically statistic, and comparative-calculating. In the conditions of Transcarpathia the spicy greens of the high quality L. officinalе C. Koch are being gathered on days 25-30, the output of the essential oil makes up from 0.72 tо 1.89% on c.d.s., depending on the climate conditions of growing. The plants pass through all the stages of development, the bush is 55.4 to 92.7 сm in height, the plants form a big amount of rosette-shaped stems (11-34 pieces), the productivity of spicy greens is between 9.9 and 42.1 t hа1. The scientists of TSAES created the following sorts – Mriya (А. с. 06131 Ukraine, first registered in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine) and Coral (Pat. on the variety № 140830). Economic effect from growing of the Coral variety in the conditions of Transcarpathia is 10230 UAH/ha and the level of profitability is 28.4%. The geographic position and agroclimatic conditions of Transcarpathia, as well as the unpretentiousness of L. officinalе C. Koch. tо the conditions of growing contribute to the enrichment of the local flora with useful plants; and the rich chemical composition contributes to the spread of this culture in the given region.
Highlights
The unmanaged human activity has led to the partial or full disappearance of many species of plants
The most prominent indicator of the adaptive ability and ecologic flexibility of agricultural crops including lovage is the productivity of the high quality raw material
The degree of detection of the productivity potential is determined by genetic information that is contained in the plant and the conditions of the environment in which it is grown
Summary
The unmanaged human activity has led to the partial or full disappearance of many species of plants. Longum DC (Rakhmetov, 2016; Cherevchenko, 2012; Derzhipilskiy, 2006) They can take a worthy place in the production of goods with an original flavor for the food and canning industry and serve as raw material for other branches of production. (Кorablyova, 2012; Nazarenko, 2008) These types of aromatic plants are especially valuable for the regions with low quality soil, such as Transcarpathia because they are unpretentious to the growing conditions and can grow on the lands unadapted for growing other valuable agricultural greens
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