Abstract
Abstract Introduction: The interconnection between inflammatory eye diseases and central nervous system (CNS) pathologies has emerged as a critical focus in medical research due to their shared developmental origins and overlapping disease manifestations. With the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Saudi Arabia presenting ocular symptoms in numerous cases and conditions such as Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome and Behçet’s disease being leading causes of uveitis, this study seeks to investigate the prevalence, clinical features and risk factors of CNS involvement in patients with inflammatory eye diseases within the Saudi population. The study places its objectives within the context of existing literature, emphasising the urgency for research given the clinical significance and current knowledge gaps in the region. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, targeting individuals between 18 and 65 years diagnosed with inflammatory eye diseases across multiple eye clinics and hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using structured questionnaires in Arabic and English, focusing on detailed clinical assessments. Convenience sampling was utilised to determine the sample size, ensuring adequate representation and statistical power. Ethical considerations were observed, with ethical approval obtained from King Faisal University’s committee, and informed consent was ensured for all participants. Results: The study found a significant burden of inflammatory eye diseases amongst participants, with a notable percentage reporting CNS-related symptoms. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between CNS involvement and inflammatory eye diseases. A positive correlation was observed between the severity of eye diseases and CNS involvement, indicating that increased severity in ocular conditions could be predictive of CNS complications. Conclusion: This study highlights a significant association between inflammatory eye diseases and CNS involvement in the Saudi Arabian population, suggesting a shared pathophysiological link. The correlation between disease severity and CNS impact underscores the need for vigilant clinical assessment and comprehensive care strategies. These findings advocate for increased awareness and further research to improve patient outcomes, emphasising the importance of a holistic approach to patient care in this domain.
Published Version
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