Abstract
Inflammation is a body response to infectious or physiological agents. During this process aggrevated chronic inflammation mediated release of various mediators such as chemokine’s, cytokines and growth factors by neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages are predominant abundant cells in tumor microenvironment promotes tumor progression. Myeloid derived suppressor cells are immature myeloid progenitor cells upon activation of chronic inflammatory mediators release various factors such as COX2, INOS, ROS, Arginase1 bring about immunosuppression and tumor progression. This article highlight about inflammation related cancer mediated by macrophages and myeloid derived suppressor cells.
Highlights
Inflammation is a physiological response to injury or infection
In this process various chemical mediators are released by recruited inflammatory cells such as cytokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species and inflammatory signals are activated as a defensive action to combat against infection and heal injured tissue [1,2,3]
Some inflammatory conditions or injury that are associated with malignancy are Lichen planus, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis associated oral squamous cell carcinoma, Sialadenitis related salivary gland carcinoma, Gastric acid associated barrett’s metaplasia and reflux oesophagitis associated oesophageal carcinoma, Sjogren’s syndrome and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, UV radiation associated skin inflammation melanoma, Silica, asbestose, smoking associated silicosis and bronchitis associated lung carcinoma [7]
Summary
Inflammation is a physiological response to injury or infection. In this process various chemical mediators are released by recruited inflammatory cells such as cytokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species and inflammatory signals are activated as a defensive action to combat against infection and heal injured tissue [1,2,3].Inflammatory mediators are released by inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes. HGF: Hepatic Growth Factor; VEG: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; MMP-9: Matrix Mettaloproteinases-9, COX2: Cyclooxygenase2; INOS: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; PDGF: Platelet Derived Growth Factor; EGF: Epidermal Growth Factor; FGF: Fibroblast Growth Factor; TNF-Alfa: Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alfa; IFN-Beta: Interferon Beta; IL-10: Interleukin 10; TGF-Beta: Transforming Growth Factor-Beta; CCL17: CC Chemokine ligand 17; CCL18: CC Chemokine ligand 18; CCL22: CC chemokine ligand 22; PGE2: Prostaglandin E2; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; UPA: Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; UPAR: Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor; IL-2: Interleukin 2; IL-4: Interleukin 4; IL-6: Interleukin 6; IFN-Gamma: Interferon Gamma; COX-1: Cyclo-oxygenase1; COX2: Cyclo-oxygenase2, NF-KB: Neuclear Factor KB; MCP-1: Macrophage/Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1; M-CSF: Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor; IL-17: Interleukin 17; CD4+ Th17: CD4+ T helper lymphocyte17; MDSC: Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells, SR-A: The Class A Macrophage Scavenger Receptor msr1; GM-CSF: Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor; G-CSF: Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor; STAT3: Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription3; bFGFBasic Fibroblast Growth Factor; MMPS: Matrix Metallo Proteinases; HIF-1 Alfa: Hypoxia- Inducible Factor Alfa; T reg cell: T Regulatory Cell; T h1: T Helper1; Th2: T Helper 2.
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