Abstract
Phomopsis is a widespread sunflower disease in Russia and neighbouring countries. Phomopsis advanced infectious potential contributes to the disease expansion in the area of commercial sunflower cultivation in Eastern and South-eastern Europe. Phomopsis manifestation includes sunflower seed infection, pleomorphic sporulation of the pathogen in anamorphic stages and aerogenic inoculum of ascospores in the teleomorphic stage of its development. Infection of the seeds promotes the spread of the disease up to 9.5%; <i>α</i> and <i>β</i> spores produced during the anamorphic stage of the pathogen live cycle can infect sunflower plants with effectiveness close to 45.5%. Ascospores drive disease expansion defeating over 70% of plants in the local area. Three phytosanitary zones with different manifestations of Phomopsis are identified in the area of sunflower cultivation in Moldova, Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan. A distinct area where the disease is not represented forms the fourth zone. The territorial distribution of the zones and their sizes are presented in the form of a cartographic model in GIS with substantiation of the long-term territorial forecast of Phomopsis. Limitation of the sunflower Phomopsis expansion is possible only under the widespread application of the integrated protection system. Defining role in this disease protection system must belong to the sunflower assortment resistant to Phomopsis.
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