Abstract
Forty infants at five months and forty infants at nine months of age were approached by a stranger in a standard experimental sequence which was monitored by motion pictures and cardiotachometer recording. Evidence supported a hypothesized relationship of cardiac acceleration during smiling but was equivocal for a hypothesized relationship of an increase in motoric activity during smiling. A third hypothesis of a cardiac-somatic coupling relationship did not receive support. Thus, it cannot be assumed that defensiveness and distress are the only elicitors of cardiac accelerations in infancy. Additional evidence is presented which suggests a “J”-shaped relationship between magnitude of heartrate (HR) change and ratings of intensity of facial expression, with the steep limb of the “J” being found in the distress part of a facial expression scale.
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