Abstract
Over the years, the rising unfriendly macroeconomic environment is a contributing factor to the infant and under-five mortality rate in Nigeria. The study investigated the role of macroeconomic conditions on infant and under-five mortality rates in Nigeria for the period 1986–2017 using the fully modified OLS technique. The results show that the unfriendly macroeconomic policy environment such as the instability of inflation rate, unemployment and exchange rate enhanced the increased level of infant and under-five mortality rate in Nigeria. The study recommends that the authority should adopt more pro-growth policies that can ensure and maintain sound domestic macroeconomic policies to stem child mortality rate and promote economic growth through investment in food production and related investment in health. Most importantly, macroeconomic policies and institutions are highly needed to be strengthened in order to have a friendly macroeconomic environment which will in turn improve the population health of the country which can enhance sustainable and long term dietary as well as nutritional pattern of young age children and adult.
Highlights
It is believed that the state should be responsible for the well-being of the people in other to avoid morbidity, mortality and hunger and not by mere possessions of commodities
The results show that the unfriendly macroeconomic policy environment such as the instability of inflation rate, unemployment and exchange rate enhanced the increased level of infant and under-five mortality rate in Nigeria
According to UNICEF (1990) as well as Anand and Ravallion (1993), they argue that socioeconomic factors such family income, wealth, parental education and so on have effects on children survival including their health which fall under what is termed as proximate determinants of child survival of Mosley and Chen’s theory (1984) and that directly or indirectly these proximate determinants are influenced by macroeconomic conditions of an economy
Summary
It is believed that the state should be responsible for the well-being of the people in other to avoid morbidity, mortality and hunger and not by mere possessions of commodities. As a result of the absence of or inadequate health care services associated with infant and child mortality; and the low income of individuals within a given society, accessing health care services become difficult for individuals, which lead to deterioration in the health status of individuals. The consequences of such health deterioration include high infant, child and maternal mortality, a rise in the death rate, decrease in life expectancy and the productive capacity of the people, absenteeism at work, low output, low income, and poverty. According to UNICEF (1990) as well as Anand and Ravallion (1993), they argue that socioeconomic factors such family income, wealth, parental education and so on have effects on children survival including their health which fall under what is termed as proximate determinants of child survival (mother fertility pattern, environmental contamination, nutrient deficiency, injury and personal illness control) of Mosley and Chen’s theory (1984) and that directly or indirectly these proximate determinants are influenced by macroeconomic conditions of an economy
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