Abstract
In this paper, we present a simple and inexpensive method for the fabrication of high-performance graphene-based heaters on different large-scale substrates through the laser photothermal reduction of graphene oxide (laser-reduced graphene-oxide, LrGO). This method allows an efficient and localized high level of reduction and therefore a good electrical conductivity of the treated films. The performance of the heaters is studied in terms of steady-state temperature, power consumption, and time response for different substrates and sizes. The results show that the LrGO heaters can achieve stable steady-state temperatures higher than 200 °C when a voltage of 15 V is applied, featuring a time constant of around 4 s and a heat transfer coefficient of ~200 °C cm2/W. These characteristics are compared with other technologies in this field, demonstrating that the fabrication approach described in this work is competitive and promising to fabricate large-scale flexible heaters with a very fast response and high steady-state temperatures in a cost-effective way. This technology can be easily combined with other fabrication methods, such as screen printing or spray-deposition, for the manufacturing of complete sensing systems where the temperature control is required to adjust functionalities or to tune sensitivity or selectivity.
Highlights
In recent years, heaters have attracted a growing interest because of the emergence of a broad spectrum of newly integrated sensing technologies, such as gas sensors or biosensors [1,2,3], which require a certain constant temperature or a programmable sequence of temperatures to operate or to achieve a proper performance [4,5]
We present a methodology for the fabrication of high-performance laser-reduced graphene-oxide (LrGO) heaters, which can be applied on different substrates
Laser-reduced graphene-oxide was studied as a heating element for the fabrication of flexible heaters
Summary
Heaters have attracted a growing interest because of the emergence of a broad spectrum of newly integrated sensing technologies, such as gas sensors or biosensors [1,2,3], which require a certain constant temperature or a programmable sequence of temperatures to operate or to achieve a proper performance [4,5]. One of the most commonly used is based on the bottom-up production of graphene by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, as presented by Kang et al [9] This approach suffers from large sheet resistance and requires chemical doping and multiple transfer processes to be applied in large-scale manufacturing
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