INDUSTRIAL TOMATO FOR FRESH CONSUMPTION: A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICALLY VIABLE ALTERNATIVE

Daianna Pereira Costa,Fritz Mohn Penteado,Abadia Dos Reis Nascimento,Donielsin Da Silva Assunção,Juliana Nascimento Da Silva

doi:10.32404/rean.v7i3.3823

Daianna Pereira Costa, Fritz Mohn Penteado + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v7i3.3823

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Abstract

The cultivation of hybrid tomatoes, intended for fresh consumption, with a determined growth habit, and without support, is an alternative that has a lower production cost. The research aimed to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of different tomato genotypes, with a determinate and indeterminate growth habit. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks. Ten hybrids and a variety were grown in 2016, and nine hybrids, and a variety in 2018, with a spacing of 0.5 meters between plants. Harvests were carried out in four periods in 2016, at 72, 82, 97, and 105 days after transplanting (DAT); and in 2018 at 81, 87, 97, and 111 DAT. After harvesting, the gross value of production and profit were quantified. The hybrids that obtained the highest production per plant in 2016 were Gabrielle (6,010 kg), with support; Thaise (5.529 kg); and N901 (5.003 kg). In 2018, Dominador and Thaise hybrids had the highest production, with 4.109 and 3.961 kg per plant, respectively. The gross value of tomato production in 2016 was higher than in 2018 for all hybrids and variety, except for Dominador hybrid. Hybrids with a determined growth habit and conducted without support are a profitable alternative to produce tomatoes intended for fresh consumption, especially the hybrid Gabrielle, which had the highest production. The economic viability of hybrids grown without support is superior to all hybrids with support.

Highlights

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable of world importance in constant growth; its production was, in the last decade, 157% higher than that of the beginning of the 1980s (FAOSTAT, 2018)
In the two years of cultivation, there was a significant difference between hybrids and varieties concerning total production and the number of fruits
The higher production of these plants may be associated with the fact that they have not been pruned, providing a greater number of branches and, a greater number of fruits when compared with the supported plants (Oliveira et al, 1995)

Summary

Introduction

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable of world importance in constant growth; its production was, in the last decade, 157% higher than that of the beginning of the 1980s (FAOSTAT, 2018). Tomato is a perennial plant, with an indeterminate growth habit, due to the presence of the dominant SelfPruning (SP) allele (Lifschitz et al, 2014; Rick, 1978; Zsogon et al, 2017). The determined growth habit is justified due to the presence of the recessive self-pruning (sp) mutation, which appeared spontaneously in some plants, around 1914 in the USA, in the state of Florida (Rick, 1978). From this period, there was an increase in studies with plants carrying the sp. This mutation was soon mapped on chromosome six, whose allele in recessive homozygosis causes “self-pruning”, which generates the plant's inability to continue forming vegetative branches after flowering (Lifschitz et al, 2014; Pnueli, 1998), characterizing plants favorable for use without support, which stimulates large-scale production used in industrial processing (Filgueira, 2003; Zsogon et al, 2017)

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