Abstract
BackgroundThe use of edible plants is an integral part of dietary behavior in the West region of Cameroon. Dorstenia psilurus (Moraceae) is widely used as spice and as medicinal plant for the treatment of several diseases in Cameroon. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic potential of methanol extract of D. psilurus in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells and prostate cancer (PC-3) cells.MethodsCytotoxicity of D. psilurus extract was tested in HL-60 and PC-3 cells using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and flow cytometric methodsResultsThe methanol extract of D. psilurus have significant in vitro cytotoxic activity in HL-60 cells and PC-3 cells with IC50 value of 12 ±1.54 μg/ml and 18 ± 0.45 μg/ml respectively after 48 h. The mechanism of antiproliferative activity showed that after 24 h, D. psilurus extract induces apoptosis on HL-60 cells by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, modification in the DNA distribution and enhance of G2/M phase cell cycle.ConclusionThe extract induces apoptosis of HL-60 cells associated with ROS production, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptotic DNA fragmentation.
Highlights
IntroductionDorstenia psilurus (Moraceae) is widely used as spice and as medicinal plant for the treatment of several diseases in Cameroon
The use of edible plants is an integral part of dietary behavior in the West region of Cameroon
Effects of D. psilurus (DP) extracts on the proliferation of HL-60 and PC-3 cells Using a conventional tatrazolium-based colorimetric cell proliferation assay, we screened the antiproliferative activity of DP at 100 μg/ml for 48 h
Summary
Dorstenia psilurus (Moraceae) is widely used as spice and as medicinal plant for the treatment of several diseases in Cameroon. The use of herbal remedies based on spices as a kind of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is documented in the population especially among cancer patients [3,4,5]. The spice based herbal medicines and the constituents have been reported to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells directly. In vitro studies indicate that herbs, spices, and their bioactive components can inhibit, and sometimes induce pathways that regulate cell division, cell proliferation, detoxification, in addition to the inflammatory and immune response [2,6]. In Cameroon, several studies have been carried on the cytotoxic activity of some spices on different cell lines [8,9,10]
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