Indonesian

Abstract

Rahajeng W. 2015. Estimation of morphological characters diversity of 50 germplasm accessions of sweet potato. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 904-909. Morphological characterization of sweet potato germplasm is required to determine the source of germplasm gene. Therefore, it can be used in the breeding program. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the diversity of morphological characters of sweet potato germplasm accessions. The research was carried out in the experimental garden of Kendalpayak from April to September 2013. The material used was 50 sweet potato germplasm accessions from Balitkabi collection. Each accession number was planted on ridge measuring 1 m x 5 m, one cutting per hole, the space of the ridges was 20 cm. The plants were fertilized by 100 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl per hectare, given entirely at planting time, except for urea which given twice, at the time of planting and 1.5 months after planting. The characters observed was the type of growth, ability to twist, leaf shape, leaf characteristics, number of lobes, petiole length, mature leaf color, color of shoots, petiole pigmentation, pigmentation of young stems (dominant color and secondary color), feathers on young leaves, flower’s shape, flower’s color, flowering ability, position of pistil, tuber skin color, tuber flesh color (dominant and secondary), the amount of tuber crops and weight of tuber crops. There was a diversity of morphology from 50 sweet potato germplasm accessions. The principal component analysis produces eight major components on the diversity proportion of 75.4%. Based on the clusters analysis, 50 sweet potato germplasm accessions are divided into seven groups on the similarity degree of 65%. The character of growing types, tuber skin color and the dominant color (pigmentation young stems) contribute most of the total diversity.