Indonesia

Abstract

Earlier experiments have established that Phaleria macrocarpa contain alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The aim of the research was to find out effect of giving Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract orally on growth and development of rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) fetus during organogenesis period and teratogenic dosage. The Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments group, and each group use five repetitions were used in this study. Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract was disolved in aquadest and administrated orally on 7th-17th day of pregnancy. The group treated with fruit extract of Phaleria macrocarpa dosage 0; 0.008; 0.017; 0.025; and 0.033 g/200 g BW. At 18th day of pregnancy, rats were sacrificed and caesarian section to remove the fetuses from uterine. Observation on fetuses include: number of living fetus and intrauterine mortality, body weight and length, morphological malformation, structure of skeletal and ossification result. The quantitative data was analysed by analysis of variance and continued with DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). Qualitative data was analysed descriptively. The result of the research showed that Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract dosage 0.008 g/200 g BW to 0.033 g/200 g BW caused decrease percentage of living fetuses, increase percentage of intrauterine mortality, morphological malformation such as hemoraghe, kinkey and ossification disturbance. Dosage of 0.033 g/200 g BW caused micromelia.