Iron chelating activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract on iron status in iron overload rats (Rattus norvegicus L.)

Abstract

Sappanwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is already known as an anti chelating iron property by its flavonoids and brazilin compounds in iron overload rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) model. However, its optimal dosage need to be determine of optimizing its effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the dose of sappanwood extract as iron chelating agents. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) of 27 Wistar rats. The rats were divided into nine groups: rats were given aquades as negative control 1 (KN1), CMC as a control 2 (KN2), iron dextran dose of 60 mg · kg−1 bw (body weight) (KP) as positive control, iron dextran with deferiprone dose of 75 mg · kg−1 bw (P1), iron dextran with sappanwood extract dose 100 mg · kg−1 bw (P2), 200 mg · kg−1 bw (P3), 300 mg · kg−1 bw (P4), and 400 mg · kg−1 bw (P5), iron dextran with a dose of 400 mg · kg−1 bw (satellite) (P6) and, administered orally for 28 days treatment. The iron status such as ferritin, transferrin, iron liver, serum iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation were measured. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the level of confidence interval (CI) 95 % (α = 0.05) and difference then tested using Duncan multiple range test (MRT). The results showed that sappanwood extract at dose 200 mg · kg−1 bw can decrease ferritin, iron liver, and iron serum as 24.9 %, 54.08 %, 38.9 % and increased transferrin saturation, transferrin level, and TIBC as 78.22 %, 102.27 % respectively. This dose was evaluated as the most effective iron chelating properties