Indirect Morphogenesis and Regenerative Ability of Tissues of Rosa Damascena Mill

Abstract

Obtaining of morphogenic callus of Lan variety of ROSA and formation of the regenerant plants from callus tissues is a necessary issue nowadays. For the research we used Rosa Damascena Mill. variety of Ukrainian selection Lan. For obtaining of the callus tissue we used sterile leaf plates and parts of stems with axillary buds cultured in nutrient media with the addition of the various groups of cytokinins and auxins. Plant tissue was stained with hematoxylin by Heidenhain and acetofuxin. Plant material was recorded for 24 hours by Chamberlain's method. We have obtained the following results. Firstly, on the medium, the beginning of the callusogenesis of aromatic rose's explants was recorded on parts of leaf plates after 7-9 days, and for microstems – 10-14 days of cultivation. Later callus was subcultured on the nutrient media, supplemented with growth regulators – BAP, NAA, IAA and TDZ. Visually, the first signs of the morphogenesis of callus culture were fixed on the 2nd day of cultivation. The differentiation of cells and the formation of callus tissue of morphogenic structures is largely dependent on the concentration and ratio of growth regulators that under relevant competences of cells stimulate processes hemogenesis. Analysis of experimental data shows that usage of only BAP in the MS medium did not lead to the initiation of the morphogenic callus formation. Secondly, under the influence of hormonal stimuli callus tissues actively formed on the basal parts of shoots of explants and on the surfaces of leaves contacting to the culture medium that contained the required components for the cell proliferation. Thus under these conditions the organogenesis occurs de novo, the first metameres, with absence of the necessary environment, biochemical and spatial disorder carry out the signs of teratogenesis. As a result of conducted studies we have determined that in Lan variety callus begins to form twice as actively in the parts of the leaf blades than in stem parts. Morphogenic zones in the system of callus cells of Rosa Damascena Mill. are represented as meristemoids. Primary bodies have limited growth; however they perform an important function: actively take part in photosynthesis, form hormones and growth regulators that are required for normal development.