Abstract

Endomyocardial biopsy is a common procedure for the evaluation of cardiac tissue for transplant monitoring, myocarditis, drug toxicity, CMP, arrhythmia, secondary cardiac involvement by systemic diseases, and cardiac masses. It is the gold standard for the diagnosis of cardiac rejection, myocarditis, and infiltrative/storage disorders and can be crucial for differential diagnosis in heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias. Currently, in skilled hands, has a very low rate of serious complications. In the last years, several Scientific Societies have published consensus documents about its indications.

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