Increasing the yield and quality of potato tubers of the Smolyanochka variety in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Smolensk State Agricultural Academy in 2021-2023. The object of study was the Smolyanochka potato variety with different planting patterns, nutritional area and background mineral fertilizers. In our studies, depending on the dose of mineral fertilizers, the yield ranged from 25.7 to 52.8 t/ha and it was highest in the intensive background variants (N90P120K120) with the use of Vitanol and the complex use of Vitanol and Aminotal root - 50.8-52, 8 t/ha. Also, the use of these drugs leads to an increase in the formation of stolons from 77 to 78%, which is 5-16% higher than options without fertilizing. It has been established that the optimal feeding area for obtaining maximum yield for the Smolyanochka potato variety is 0.21 - 0.27 m2; its further reduction or increase leads to a decrease in yield. The highest yield of the seed fraction of the potato variety Smolyanochka was obtained with the schemes 70x20 (27.3 t/ha) and 80x20 (27.4 t/ha) with a multiplication factor of 7-8. At the same time, a commercial fraction yield of 74-96% was obtained with sparse planting schemes and a feeding area of 0.21-0.35 m2.