Increasing the functional capabilities of Mixed Martial Arts athletes in the process of optimizing different regimes of power load

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. To study the influence of power load regimes different in energy supply and intensity on functional capabilities of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) athletes.
 Material and Methods. We examined 75 men aged 19±0.7 who had been practicing MMA for 4±0.8 years. The athletes were divided into 3 groups, 25 participants in each group. The study participants used power load regimes of different intensity in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic and anaerobic-alactate energy supply of muscle activity. The study lasted 12 weeks. To assess the functional capabilities of athletes in these conditions we used the method of maximum strength development (1 RM). Control of biochemical blood parameters (creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, testosterone) allowed determining features of adaptive and compensatory body reactions in response to loads.
 Results. During the study the 3rd group athletes showed the most pronounced increase (by 40.1%; р<0.05) in strength capabilities development. These changes were observed in conditions of anaerobic-alactate mechanism of energy supply. The smallest dynamics in the studied indicators was fixed in group 1 athletes. They used low-intensity training loads in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic mechanism of energy supply. The results of laboratory studies showed different changes in the studied biochemical parameters of blood. The basal creatinine level in group 3 athletes was 12 times higher than in group 1 athletes. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in group 1 athletes increased by 10 times in response to physical load compared to group 3 results. The basal level of LDH activity increased in group 1 (by 14.6%) and 2 (by 6.7%) athletes. The basal testosterone level increased in athletes of group 3 (by 14.4%) and 2 (by 5.6%). The basal level of the studied hormone had no changes in group 1 representatives.
 Conclusions. Accelerated increase in functional capabilities of MMA athletes was observed during high-intensity power loads in conditions of anaerobic-alactate energy supply mechanism. Using this power load regime will strengthen the adaptive body reserves of athletes at the stage of specialized basic training. Determining characteristics in the studied biochemical indicators in response to stress stimuli will allow to optimize training load regimes. The changes in these indicators will also allow to improve strength training in MMA in the shortest possible time.