Abstract
In this work, we, for the first time, manufactured a plasma-chemical reactor operating at a frequency of 0.11 MHz. The reactor allows for the activation of large volumes of liquids in a short time. The physicochemical properties of activated liquids (concentration of hydrogen peroxide, nitrate anions, redox potential, electrical conductivity, pH, concentration of dissolved gases) are characterized in detail. Antifungal activity of aqueous solutions activated by a glow discharge has been investigated. It was shown that aqueous solutions activated by a glow discharge significantly reduce the degree of presence of phytopathogens and their effect on the germination of such seeds. Seeds of cereals (sorghum and barley) and fruit (strawberries) crops were studied. The greatest positive effect was found in the treatment of sorghum seeds. Moreover, laboratory tests have shown a significant increase in sorghum drought tolerance. The effectiveness of the use of glow-discharge-activated aqueous solutions was shown during a field experiment, which was set up in the saline semi-desert of the Northern Caspian region. Thus, the technology developed by us makes it possible to carry out the activation of aqueous solutions on an industrial scale. Water activated by a glow discharge exhibits antifungicidal activity and significantly accelerates the development of the grain and fruit crops we studied. In the case of sorghum culture, glow-discharge-activated water significantly increases drought resistance.
Highlights
Increasing the yield and improving the quality of agricultural products, reducing the costs of its production is impossible without the introduction of economically profitable and environmentally friendly technologies that ensure an increase in the productivity of agricultural plants
Physicochemical Properties of Aqueous Solutions Activated by Glow Discharge Plasma
We have created a setup for the activation of aqueous solutions by a glow discharge plasma (Figures 5 and 6)
Summary
Increasing the yield and improving the quality of agricultural products, reducing the costs of its production is impossible without the introduction of economically profitable and environmentally friendly technologies that ensure an increase in the productivity of agricultural plants. Methods have been developed for obtaining a glow discharge in liquids In this case, the decomposition of water vapor occurs due to the transfer of energy from an electron gas with a temperature not higher than 5 eV to water molecules. Water decomposition can proceed through two channels: a channel through stepwise excitation of vibrational degrees of freedom of water molecules and a channel through the dissociative attachment of electrons to water molecules [19] In both cases, they form reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with significant biological activity
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