Abstract
Topicality. Together with the comprehensive urbanization and interference of economic processes in natural ecosystems, it is more difficult to separate natural protected areas from human activities. The accelerated growth of the planet's population increases the demand for both exhausting natural resources and inexhaustible ones, which deepens its negative environmental situation. Protected areas, as standard natural reserves, can best show the full value of untouched nature, and at the same time its vulnerability. It should be the source of environmental initiatives and the "school" of combination the ecological and economic interests of society. On it’s basis the ecological consciousness is formed. So, it is necessary to develop the appropriate preconditions for the development of a natural reserve fund, in which its functioning becomes an integral part of socio-economic development of society, more accessible, and therefore inclusive.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to determine the organizational and economic basis for the development of inclusiveness in environmental activities, taking into account international experience, sources of funding and structure, identifying factors contributing to the inclusion of these territories in the economic system of countries; definition of deficiencies inherent in the organization of the activity of the nature reserve fund in Ukraine; generalize information on inclusiveness in nature management.Research results. The article, based on the experience of developed countries in the field of creation and organization of the nature reserve fund (NRF), identifies the main advantages of combining their socio-ecological significance with the economic development of both the territories themselves and the economy of the country as a whole. There are considered: trends of ownership patterns on natural reserve areas in the countries of the world and Ukraine, size of their financing, and the income of the states from the activities of the National Natural Parks (NPP). There were identified problem issues of the field of bequest in Ukraine, in particular the social component, namely, the lack of awareness of the population about the problems of the NRF and its role in ensuring the welfare of society. The problem is considered from the point of view of the availability of NRF facilities for the population, in conjunction with compliance with all environmental standards. Is given an author's definition of the concept of inclusiveness in nature conservation activity. On the basis of comparison and analysis of the structure of the NNP of other countries, recommendations were given regarding the introduction of incentives for the reproduction of natural territories in Ukraine.Conclusion. It is explored that inclusive economic development, ecological awareness and education of the population at all levels of socialization of an individual in a society plays a leading role in the field of preservation of natural territories and the creation of NRF. An important contribution to this issue is the individual experience of the person with regard to inclusive nature and positive impressions. The solution of these problems will contribute to further development in such areas as education, tourism, mass media, psychological rehabilitation, etc. It has been established that the nature reserve fund (NRF), subject to appropriate organizational and economic support, can bring significant profits in the country's GDP, while not creating recreational overload on natural systems
Highlights
- to investigate the sources and forms of financing of the NRF; - determine the factors contributing to the involvement of these territories in the country's economic system; - to substantiate the peculiarities of the organization of the activity of the nature reserve fund in Ukraine; - generalize information on achieving inclusiveness in nature management
Compared to other countries, in national natural parks (NPP), % of territories of severe heritage is very low
It is substantiated that the issues of the development of protected areas and their rational use should be solved in the light of adherence to the principles of inclusiveness in economic growth, covering all segments of the population regardless of the state of affairs and social status
Summary
It is explored that inclusive economic development, ecological awareness and education of the population at all levels of socialization of an individual in a society plays a leading role in the field of preservation of natural territories and the creation of NRF. In the global perspective, an increase in the network of national parks, nature reserves and reserves will lead to increased biodiversity, the conservation of rare species of plants and animals, and to the development of the green tourism infrastructure in the surrounding rural areas, with all subsequent economic and financial consequences, the level employment, development of the food industry, crafts and replenishment of the national budget at the expense of foreign tourists By the way, it was the expansion of the nature reserve network that was one of the impetus to support the US economy in the depressed 1930s, as well as the unification of Germany in the early 1990s [4]. - to investigate the sources and forms of financing of the NRF; - determine the factors contributing to the involvement of these territories in the country's economic system; - to substantiate the peculiarities of the organization of the activity of the nature reserve fund in Ukraine; - generalize information on achieving inclusiveness in nature management. Exploring the rich experience of the development of protected areas in different countries of the world we have erected separate economic indicators of their activities (Table 1): No Country 1 Ukraine
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